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Fracture Mechanics and Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis software tool


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      • Sections
        • 1. Introduction
          • 0. Introduction
          • 1. Historical Perspective on Structural Integrity in the USAF
          • 2. Overview of MIL-HDBK-1530 ASIP Guidance
          • 3. Summary of Damage Tolerance Design Guidelines
            • 0. Summary of Damage Tolerance Design Guidelines
            • 1. Summary of Guidelines
            • 2. Design Category
            • 3. Inspection Categories and Inspection Intervals
            • 4. Initial Damage Assumptions
              • 0. Initial Damage Assumptions
              • 1. Intact Structure Primary Damage Assumption
              • 2. Continuing Damage
              • 3. Fastener Policy
              • 4. In-Service Inspection Damage Assumptions
              • 5. Demonstration of Initial Flaw Sizes Smaller Than Those Specified
            • 5. Residual Strength Guidelines
              • 0. Residual Strength Guidelines
              • 1. Fail-Safe Structure at Time of Load Path Failure
              • 2. Determining the Residual Strength Load for Remaining Structure
            • 6. Required Periods Of Safe Damage Growth
              • 0. Required Periods Of Safe Damage Growth
              • 1. Slow Crack Growth Structure
              • 2. Fail Safe Multiple Load Path Structure
              • 3. Fail Safe Crack Arrest Structures
            • 7. Illustrative Example Of Guidelines
              • 0. Illustrative Example Of Guidelines
              • 1. Slow Crack Growth Structure
                • 0. Slow Crack Growth Structure
                • 1. Initial Flaw Sizes Assumed to Result from Manufacturing
                • 2. Choice of Inspection Category
                • 3. In-Service Non-Inspectable Category
                • 4. Depot Level Inspectable Category
              • 2. Fail Safe Structure
                • 0. Fail Safe Structure
                • 1. In-Service Inspection Consideration
                • 2. Initial Flaw Considerations
                • 3. In-Service Flaw Assumptions Following Inspection
                • 4. Adjacent Structure Damage Following the Failure of the Major Load Path
                • 5. Analysis of Intact Structure–Residual Strength Guidelines and Damage Growth Limits
                • 6. Analysis of Intact Structure (Alternate Requirement)
                • 7. Discussion of Intact Structure Analysis
                • 8. Analysis of Remaining Structure Subsequent to Load Path Failure
                • 9. Derivation of Residual Strength Load
                • 10. Incremental Damage Growth Da
                • 11. Alternative-Analysis of Remaining Structure Subsequent to Load Path Failure
                • 12. Summary and Comments
          • 4. Sustainment/Aging Aircraft
            • 0. Sustainment/Aging Aircraft
            • 1. Widespread Fatigue Damage
            • 2. The Effect of Environment and Corrosion
          • 5. References
        • 2. Fundamentals of Damage Tolerance
          • 0. Fundamentals of Damage Tolerance
          • 1. Introduction to Damage Concepts and Behavior
            • 0. Introduction to Damage Concepts and Behavior
            • 1. Damage Growth Concepts
            • 2. Damage Growth Behavior/Concepts
          • 2. Fracture Mechanics Fundamentals
            • 0. Fracture Mechanics Fundamentals
            • 1. Stress Intensity Factor – What It Is
            • 2. Application to Fracture
            • 3. Fracture Toughness - A Material Property
            • 4. Crack Tip Plastic Zone Size
            • 5. Application to Sub-critical Crack Growth
            • 6. Alternate Fracture Mechanics Analysis Methods
              • 0. Alternate Fracture Mechanics Analysis Methods
              • 1. Strain Energy Release Rate
                • 0. Strain Energy Release Rate
                • 1. The Griffith-Irwin Energy Balance
                • 2. The Relationship between G, Compliance, and Elastic Strain Energy
              • 2. The J-Integral
                • 0. The J-Integral
                • 1. J-Integral Calculations
                • 2. Engineering Estimates of J
              • 3. Crack Opening Displacement
          • 3. Residual Strength Methodology
          • 4. Life Prediction Methodology
            • 0. Life Prediction Methodology
            • 1. Initial Flaw Distribution
            • 2. Usage
            • 3. Material Properties
            • 4. Crack Tip Stress Intensity Factor Analysis
            • 5. Damage Integration Models
            • 6. Failure Criteria
          • 5. Deterministic Versus Proabilistic Approaches
          • 6. Computer Codes
            • 0. Computer Codes
            • 1. Structural Analysis
            • 2. Life Prediction
              • 0. Life Prediction
              • 1. NASGRO Fracture Analysis Software
              • 2. AFGROW Fracture Analysis Software
              • 3. Cracks2000 Structural Integrity Software
            • 3. PRobability Of Fracture (PROF)
          • 7. Achieving Confidence in Life Prediction Methodology
          • 8. References
        • 3. Damage Size Characterizations
          • 0. Damage Size Characterizations
          • 1. NDI Demonstration of Crack Detection Capability
            • 0. NDI Demonstration of Crack Detection Capability
            • 2. NDI Capability Evaluation for Cracks
              • 0. NDI Capability Evaluation for Cracks
              • 1. Basic Considerations in Quantifying NDI Capability
              • 2. Design of NDI Capability Demonstrations
              • 3. Sample Size Requirements
              • 4. POD Analysis
            • 3. NDI Capability Evaluation for Corrosion
              • 0. NDI Capability Evaluation for Corrosion
              • 1. Corrosion Metrics
              • 2. Corrosion Specimen Selection and Design
              • 3. Example of Evaluating the Capability of an Eddy Current Inspection to Detect Hidden Corrosion in Lap Joints
          • 2. Equivalent Initial Quality
            • 0. Equivalent Initial Quality
            • 1. Description of Equivalent Initial Quality Method
            • 2. Example Application of Equivalent Initial Quality Method
            • 3. Other Applications of Equivalent Flaw Size Distributions
              • 0. Other Applications of Equivalent Flaw Size Distributions
              • 1. Durability Analysis
              • 2. Risk Analysis
          • 3. Proof Test Determinations
            • 0. Proof Test Determinations
            • 1. Description of the Proof Test Method
            • 2. Examples
          • 4. References
        • 4. Residual Strength
          • 0. Residual Strength
          • 1. Introduction
            • 0. Introduction
            • 1. Slow Crack Growth Structure
            • 2. Fail-Safe Structure
          • 2. Failure Criteria
            • 0. Failure Criteria
            • 1. Ultimate Strength
            • 2. Fracture Toughness - Abrupt Fracture
            • 3. Crack Growth Resistance – Tearing Fracture
              • 0. Crack Growth Resistance – Tearing Fracture
              • 1. The Apparent Fracture Toughness Approach
              • 2. The Resistance Curve Approach
              • 3. The J-Integral Resistance Curve Approach
          • 3. Residual Strength Capability
            • 0. Residual Strength Capability
            • 1. Single Load Path Residual Strength Diagrams
            • 2. Built-Up Structure Residual Strength Diagrams
          • 4. Single Load Path Structure
            • 0. Single Load Path Structure
            • 1. Abrupt Fracture
            • 2. Tearing Fracture
          • 5. Built-Up Structures
            • 0. Built-Up Structures
            • 1. Edge Stiffened Panel with a Central Crack
            • 2. Centrally and Edge Stiffened Panel with a Central Crack
            • 3. Analytical Methods
            • 4. Stiffener Failure
            • 5. Fastener Failure
            • 6. Methodology Basis for Stiffened Panel Example Problem
            • 7. Tearing Failure Analysis
            • 8. Summary
          • 6. References
        • 5. Analysis Of Damage Growth
          • 0. Analysis Of Damage Growth
          • 2. Variable-Amplitude Loading
            • 0. Variable-Amplitude Loading
            • 1. Retardation
              • 0. Retardation
              • 1. Retardation Under Spectrum Loading
              • 2. Retardation Models
            • 2. Integration Routines
            • 3. Cycle-by-Cycle Analysis
          • 3. Small Crack Behavior
          • 4. Stress Sequence Development
            • 0. Stress Sequence Development
            • 1. Service Life Description and Mission Profiles
            • 2. Sequence Development Techniques
            • 3. Application of Simplified Stress Sequences for Design Studies
          • 5. Crack Growth Prediction
            • 0. Crack Growth Prediction
            • 1. Cycle Definition and Sequencing
            • 2. Clipping
            • 3. Truncation
            • 4. Crack Shape
            • 5. Interaction of Cracks
          • 6. References
        • 6. Examples of Damage Tolerant Analyses
          • 0. Examples of Damage Tolerant Analyses
          • 1. Damage Tolerance Analysis Procedure
          • 2. Damage Development And Progression
            • 0. Damage Development And Progression
            • 1. Slow Crack Growth Structure
            • 2. Multiple Load Path, Fail Safe Structure
            • 3. Crack Arrest, Fail Safe Structure
          • 3. Slow Crack Growth Structure
          • 4. Multiple Load Path Structure
          • 5. Fail Safe Multiple Load Path Structure
        • 7. Damage Tolerance Testing
          • 0. Damage Tolerance Testing
          • 1. Introduction
          • 2. Material Tests
            • 0. Material Tests
            • 1. Fracture Toughness Testing Methods
              • 0. Fracture Toughness Testing Methods
              • 1. Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness
              • 2. R-Curve
              • 3. Crack Initiation J-Integral
            • 2. Sub-Critical Crack Growth Testing Methods
              • 0. Sub-Critical Crack Growth Testing Methods
              • 1. Crack Growth Rate Testing
              • 2. Stress Corrosion Cracking
          • 3. Quality Control Testing
          • 4. Analysis Verification Testing
            • 0. Analysis Verification Testing
            • 1. Structural Parameter Verification Techniques
              • 0. Structural Parameter Verification Techniques
              • 1. Compliance
              • 2. Moiré Fringe
              • 3. Photoelasticity
              • 4. Crack Growth Rate
            • 2. Residual Strength Methods-Verification
            • 3. Crack Growth Modeling-Verification
          • 5. Structural Hardware Tests
            • 0. Structural Hardware Tests
            • 1. Test Conditions
            • 2. Initial and Continuing Damage
            • 3. Residual Strength Testing
            • 4. Damage Tolerance Test Articles
            • 5. Evaluation and Interpretation of Test Results
          • 6. References
        • 8. Force Management and Sustainment Engineering
          • 0. Force Management and Sustainment Engineering
          • 1. Force Structural Management
            • 0. Force Structural Management
            • 1. Force Structural Management Plan (FSMP)
            • 2. Loads/Environment Spectra Survey (L/ESS)
            • 3. Individual Aircraft Tracking (IAT)
          • 2. Sustainment Engineering
            • 0. Sustainment Engineering
            • 1. Widespread Fatigue Damage
            • 2. Corrosion
            • 3. Structural Risk Analysis
          • 3. References
        • 9. Structural Repairs
          • 0. Structural Repairs
          • 1. Required Analysis
          • 3. Spectrum Analysis for Repair
            • 0. Spectrum Analysis for Repair
            • 1. Definition of Stress Histories
            • 2. Spectra Descriptions
              • 0. Spectra Descriptions
              • 1. Exceedance Curve Descriptions
              • 2. RMS Descriptions
            • 3. Crack Growth Analysis
              • 0. Crack Growth Analysis
              • 1. Generation of Crack Growth Curves
              • 2. Analysis of Observed Behavior
              • 3. Interpertation and Use of Crack Growth Rate Curves
              • 4. Analysis for Multiple Stress Histories
          • 4. Life Sensitivity for Stress Effects
          • 5. Life Sensitivity Analysis for Hole Repair
          • 6. Blend-Out Repairs
          • 7. Residual Strength Parametric Analysis
          • 8. References
        • 10. Guidelines for Damage Tolerance Design and Fracture Control Planning
          • 0. Guidelines for Damage Tolerance Design and Fracture Control Planning
          • 1. Design Loads Spectrum
          • 2. Material Selection
            • 0. Material Selection
            • 1. Crack Growth Resistance and Fracture Toughness
            • 2. Material Property Control
          • 3. Structural Configuration Analysis
            • 0. Structural Configuration Analysis
            • 1. Critical Parts List
            • 2. Inspection Method Development
            • 3. Demonstration Test Development
          • 4. Manufacturing Process
            • 0. Manufacturing Process
            • 1. Review of manufacturing process and inspections
            • 2. Development of Critical Parts Accountability
          • 5. References
        • 11. Summary of Stress Intensity Factor Information
          • 0. Summary of Stress Intensity Factor Information
          • 1. Background of Stress Intensity Factors
          • 2. Methodology For Determining Stress Intensity Factors
            • 0. Methodology For Determining Stress Intensity Factors
            • 1. Principle of Superposition
            • 3. Finite Element Methods
              • 0. Finite Element Methods
              • 1. Direct Methods
              • 2. Indirect Methods
              • 3. Cracked Element Methods
          • 3. Selected Stress Intensity Factor Cases
          • 5. Computer Codes
            • 0. Computer Codes
            • 1. NASGRO Fracture Analysis Software
            • 2. AFGROW Fracture Analysis Software
            • 3. Cracks2000 Structural Integrity Software
          • 6. References
      • Examples
        • 1. FAC Problems
          • 0. Computing Stress Intensity Factor Histories
          • 1. Predicting Residual Strength - Fuselage Section
          • 2. Crack Interaction and Multi-Site Damage
          • 3. Predicting Ductile Tearing and Residual Strength - Flat Sheet
        • 2. Merc Problems
          • 0. Crack Growth Prediction - Center Wing Component
          • 1. Damage Tolerance Analysis - Windshield Doubler
          • 2. Sensitivity of Crack Growth Rates to Operating Conditions
          • 3. Influences of Retardation Models on Crack Growth Predictions
        • 3. NRC Problems
          • 0. Quantifying Corrosion in Lap Joints
          • 1. Residual Life Assessment - Corroded Lap Joints
          • 2. Effect of Discontinuity States on the Risk Assessment - Corroded Lap Joints
        • 4. SIE Problems
          • 0. Crack Growth Analysis - Main Cargo Door (MSD Cracks)
          • 1. Damage Tolerance Analysis - Wing Main Spars
          • 2. Crack Growth Analysis - Main Cargo Door (Primary and Continuing Damage)
          • 3. Damage Tolerance Analysis - Rear Wing Spar
          • 4. Crack Growth and Residual Strength Analyses - Lap Joint
        • 5. UDRI Problems
          • 0. Crack Growth Analysis - Front Wing Spar
          • 1. Risk Assessment - Fail Safety of a Stringer
          • 2. Risk Assessment - Multiple Element Damage
          • 3. Risk Assessment - Corrosion in a Lap Joint
  • Blog
  • About Afgrow
    • Customers
    • Partners
    • Resellers
  • AFGROW
    • Overview
      • AFGROW Unique Features and Capabilities
      • Current Version
      • License Agreement
    • Disclaimer
    • Details
      • Pricing
      • Development Credits
      • ToDo List
      • History
  • Download
  • User Workshop
    • European Workshop/Training 2024
    • AFGROW Previous Event Proceedings
  • Applications
    • DTDHandbook
      • About
      • Contact
      • Contributors
      • PDF Versions
      • Related Links
      • Sections
      • Examples
  • About Afgrow
    • Customers
    • Resellers
    • Partners
  • Purchase
  • Support
    • Support and Services
    • F.A.Q.
    • AFGROW Related Documents
    • Training
      • Damage Tolerance Analysis Training
  • Products
    • AFGROW
    • AF Mat
    • Spectrum Manager
  • Blog
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