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Handbook for Damage Tolerant Design

  • DTDHandbook
    • About
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    • Contributors
    • PDF Versions
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    • Sections
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Fundamentals of Damage Tolerance
      • 3. Damage Size Characterizations
      • 4. Residual Strength
        • 0. Residual Strength
        • 1. Introduction
        • 2. Failure Criteria
        • 3. Residual Strength Capability
        • 4. Single Load Path Structure
        • 5. Built-Up Structures
        • 6. References
      • 5. Analysis Of Damage Growth
      • 6. Examples of Damage Tolerant Analyses
      • 7. Damage Tolerance Testing
      • 8. Force Management and Sustainment Engineering
      • 9. Structural Repairs
      • 10. Guidelines for Damage Tolerance Design and Fracture Control Planning
      • 11. Summary of Stress Intensity Factor Information
    • Examples
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Section 11.6. References

D. Broek (1974).  Elementary Engineering Fracture Mechanics, Noordhoff International Publishing, Leyden.

H.F. Bueckner (1971).  “Weight Functions for the Notched Bar”.  Z. Angew Math. Mechanics (Vol. 51), pp. 97-109.

E. Byskov (1970).  “The Calculation of Stress-Intensity Factors Using the Finite-Element Method with Cracked Elements”.  International Journal of Fracture Mechanics (Vol. 6),
pp. 159-167.

D.J. Cartwright (1979).  “Stress-Intensity Factor Determination, Developments in Fracture Mechanics” (Chapter 2).  G.G. Chell (Ed.), London, England: Applied Science Publishers Ltd.,
p. 29.

D.J. Cartwright and D.P. Rooke (1979).  “Green’s Functions in Fracture Mechanics, Fracture Mechanics – Current Status and Future Prospects”.  R.A. Smith (Ed.).  Pergamon, pp. 91-123.

D.J. Cartwright and D.P. Rooke (1978).  “Evaluation of Stress-Intensity Factors, A General Introduction to Fracture Mechanics” (Chapter 5).  London, England: Mechanical Engineering Publications Ltd., p. 54.

S.K. Chan, I.S. Tuba, and W.K. Wilson (1970).  “On the Finite-Element Method in Linear Fracture Mechanics”.  Eng. Fracture Mechanics 2, pp. 1-12.

T.A. Cruse (1972). “Numerical Evaluation of Elastic Stress Intensity Factors by the Boundary-Integral Equation Method, The Surface Crack: Physical Properties and Computational Solutions”.  J.L. Swedlow (Ed.).  ASME, New York, pp. 153-170.

T.A. Cruse and P.M. Besuner (1975, April).  “Residual Life Prediction for Surface Cracks in Complex Structural Details”.  Journal of Aircraft (Vol. 12, No. 4), pp. 369-375.

E399 (2000). ASTM Designation:  “E399, Standard Test Method for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials”.  2000 Annual Book of ASTM Standards Section 3 (Vol. 03.01).  American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia.

F. Erdogan and J.J. Kibler (1969, September).  “Cylindrical and Spherical Shells with Cracks”. International Journal of Fracture Mechanics (Vol. 5, No. 3), pp. 229-237.

C.E. Fedderson (1966).  Discussion to: “Plane Strain Crack Toughness Testing of High Strength Metallic Materials”, by W.F. Brown, Jr. and J.E. Srawley.  ASTM STP 410, Philadelphia,
pp. 77-79.

R.G. Forman, J.C. Hickman and V. Shivakumar (1985).  “Stress-Intensity Factors for Circumferential Through Cracks in Hollow Cylinders Subjected to Combined Tension and Bending Loads”.  Engineering Fracture Mechanics, (Vol. 21, No. 3), pp. 563-571.

R.G. Forman and V. Shivakumar (1986).  “Growth Behavior of Surface Cracks in the Circumferential Plane of Solid and Hollow Cylinders”  Fracture Mechanics: Seventeenth Volume.  J.H. Underwood, R. Chait, C.W. Smith, D.P. Wilhelm, W.A. Andrews and J.C. Newman (Eds.).  ASTM STP 905, Philadelphia, pp 59-74.

R.G. Forman, V. Shivakumar, J.C. Newman, Jr. (1989).  “Fatigue Crack Growth Computer Program – NASA/FLAGRO”.  JSC-22267, NASA/Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, August 1986, Revised March 1989.

R.G. Forman and S.R. Mettu (1992).  “Behavior of Surface and Corner Cracks Subjected to Tensile and Bending Loads in a Ti-6Al-4V Alloy”.  Fracture Mechanics:Twenty-Second Symposium (Volume I).  H.A. Ernst, A. Saxena and D.L. McDowell (Eds.).  ASTM STP 1131, Philadelphia, pp, 519-546.

R.G. Forman, V. Shivakumar, S.R. Mettu, J.C. Newman, Jr. (1998, September).  “Fatigue Crack Growth Computer Program ‘NASGRO’ Version 3.00, Reference Manual”.  JSC-22267B, NASA/Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX.

J.P. Gallagher, H.D. Stalnaker, and J.L. Rudd (1974, May).  “A Spectrum Truncation and Damage Tolerance Study Associated with the C-5A Outboard Pylon Truss Lugs”.  AFFDL-TR-74-5.

R.H. Gallagher (1978).  “A Review of Finite Element Techniques in Fracture Mechanics, Proceedings First International Conference on Numerical Methods in Fracture Mechanics”. 
A.R. Luxmoore and D.R.J. Owen (Eds.).  University College, Swansea, UK.

J.N. Goodier (1969).  “Mathematical Theory of Equilibrium of Cracks, Fracture II”.  H. Liebowitz (Ed.).  Academic Press, pp. 2-67.

A.F. Grandt, Jr. (1975, April).  “Stress Intensity Factors for Some Through-Cracked Fastener Holes”.  International Journal of Fracture, (Vol. 11, No. 2), pp. 283-294.

A.F. Grandt, Jr. and T.D. Hinnericks (1974, September).  “Stress Intensity Factor Measurements for Flawed Fastener Holes, Proceedings of the Army Symposium on Solid Mechanic”.  Cape Cod, MA, pp. 10-12.

B. Gross, J.E. Srawley, and W.F. Brown (1964).  “Stress-Intensity Factors for Single-Edge Notch Tension Specimen by Boundary Collocation of a Stress Function”.  NASA TN-D-2395.

T.K. Hellen (1979).  “Numerical Methods in Fracture Mechanics, Developments in Fracture Mechanics 1” (Chapter 5).  G.G. Chell (Ed.).  London, England: Applied Science Publishers Ltd., pp. 145-181.

T.M. Hsu and J.L. Rudd (1978).  “Green’s Function for Thru-Crack Emanating from Fastener Holes”.  Fracture (1977, Vol. 3A).  D.M.R. Taplin (Ed.).  Pergamon Press, p. 139.

T.M. Hsu, W.M. McGee, and J.A. Aberson (1978, April).  “Extended Study of Flaw Growth at Fastener Holes”.  AFFDL-TR-77-83 (Vol. 1).

M. Isida (1973).  “Laurent Series Expansion for Internal Crack Problems” in Methods of Analysis and Solutions of Crack Problems.  G.C. Sih (Ed.).  Noordhoof International Publishing, Leyden, pp. 56-130.

L.A. James and W.E. Anderson (1969).  “A Simple Experimental Procedure for Stress Intensity Factor Calibration, Engineering Fracture Mechanics” (Vol. 1), pp. 565-568.

S. Jordon, J. Padlog, A.T. Hopper, E.F. Rybicki, L.E. Hulbert and M.F. Kanninen (1973, June).  “Development and Application of Improved Analytical Techniques for Fracture Analysis Using MAGIC III”.  AFFDL-TR-73-61.

A.S. Kobayashi, Ed. (1973).  “Photoelastic Techniques, Experimental Techniques in Fracture Mechanics 1”.  A.S. Kobayashi (Ed.).  Society of Experimental Stress Analysis Monograph 1,
pp. 126-145.

N.I. Mushkelishvili (1933).  “Some Basic Problems of the Mathematical Theory of Elasticity”.  English translation, Noordhoff International Publishing, Leyden (1953).

J.C. Newman, Jr. (1971).  “An Improved Method of Collocation for the Stress Analysis of Cracked Plates with Various Shaped Boundaries”.  NASA-TN-D-6376.

J.C. Newman, Jr. (1976, December).  “Fracture Analysis of Surface and Through Cracks in Cylindrical Pressure Vessels”.  NASA TN D-8325.

J.C. Newman, Jr. and I.S. Raju (1979, July).  “Stress-Intensity Factors for Internal Surface Cracks in Cylindrical Pressure Vessels”.  NASA-TM-80073.

J.C. Newman, Jr. and I.S. Raju (1984, April).  “Stress-Intensity Factor Equations for Cracks in Three-Dimensional Finite Bodies Subjected to Tension and Bending Loads”.  NASA TM 85793.

P.F. Packman (1975).  “The Role of Interferometry in Fracture Studies, Experimental Techniques in Fracture Mechanics 2” (Chapter 2).  A.S. Kobayashi (Ed.).  SESA, pp. 59-87.

P.C. Paris and G.C. Sih (1965).  “Stress Analysis of Cracks”.  ASTM STP 381, pp. 30-81.

P.C. Paris and G.C. Sih (1964).  “Stress Analysis of Cracks”.  ASTM STP 381, Philadelphia,
pp. 30-81.

P.C. Paris, M.P. Gomez, and W.E. Anderson. (Jan 1961).  “A Rational Analytic Theory of Fatigue, The Trend in Engineering” (Vol. 13, No. 1).  University of Washington, p. 9.

A.P. Parker (1981).  The Mechanics of Fracture and Fatigue, An Introduction.  E. and F.N. Spon, Ltd., London, England.

F.J. Pitoniak, A.F. Grandt, L.T. Montulli, and P.F. Packman (1974).  “Fatigue Crack Retardation and Closure in Polymethyl Methacrylate”.  Engineering Fracture Mechanics (Vol. 5).

I. S. Raju and J.C. Newman, Jr. (1984).  “Stress-Intensity Factors for Circumferential Surface Cracks in Pipes and Rods Under Tension and Bending Loads”.  Fracture Mechanics: Seventeenth Volume.  J.H. Underwood, R. Chait, C.W. Smith, D.P. Wilhelm, W.A. Andrews and J.C. Newman (Eds.).  ASTM STP 905, Philadelphia, pp789-805.

I.S. Raju and J.C. Newman, Jr. (1988).  “Stress Intensity Factors for Corner Cracks in Rectangular Bars”.  Fracture Mechanics: Nineteenth Symposium.  T.A. Cruse (Ed.).  ASTM STP 969, Philadelphia, pp.43-55.

J.R. Rice (1968).  “Mathematical Analysis in the Mechanics of Fracture”.  Fracture (Vol. 2). 
H. Liebowitz (Ed.).  New York: Academic Press, pp. 191-308.

J.R. Rice (1972).  “Some Remarks on Elastic Crack-Tip Stress Fields”.  International Journal of Solids and Structures (Vol. 8), pp. 751-758.

R. Roberts and J.J. Kibler (1971). “Some Aspects of Fatigue Crack Propagation”. Engineering Fracture Mechanics (Vol. 2), pp. 243-260.

D.P. Rooke and D.J. Cartwright (1976).  Compendium of Stress Intensity Factors.  Her Majesty’s Station Office, London.

V. Shivakumar and Y.C. Hsu (1977, March).  “Stress-Intensity Factors for Cracks Emanating from the Loaded Fastener Hole”.  Presented at the International Conference on Fracture Mechanics and Technology, Hong Kong.

G.C. Sih (1973a).  “Handbook of Stress Intensity Factors”.  Institute of Fracture and Solid Mechanics, Lehigh University.

G.C. Sih (1973b).  “Methods of Analysis and Solutions of Crack Problems”.  Noordhoff International Publishing, Leyden.

C.W. Smith (1975).  “Use of Three-Dimensional Photoelasticity and Progress in Related Areas, Experimental Techniques in Fracture Mechanics 2”.  A.S. Kobayashi (Ed.).  Society of Experimental Stress Analysis, Monograph 2, pp. 3-58.

I.N. Sneddon and M. Lowengrub (1969).  Crack Problems in the Classical Theory of Elasticity.  New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

T. Swift and D.Y. Wang (1969).  “Damage Tolerant Design Analysis Methods and Test Verification of Fuselage Structure”.  Air Force Conference on Fatigue and Fracture,
AFFDL-TR-70-144, pp. 653-683.

H.P. Tada, P.C. Paris and G. R. Irwin (1973).  The Stress Analysis of Cracks Handbook.  Del Research Corporation, Hellertown, PA.

D.M. Tracey (1971).  “Finite Elements for Determination of Crack-Tip Elastic Stress-Intensity Factors”.  English Fracture Mechanics (Vol. 3), pp. 255-265.

P.F. Walsh (1971).  “The Computation of Stress-Intensity Factors by a Special Finite-Element Technique”.  Journal of Solids and Structures (Vol. 7), pp. 1333-1392.

J.M. Westergaard (1939).  “Bearing Pressures and Cracks”.  Journal Applied Mechanics
(Vol. 61), pp. A49-53.

D.P. Wilhem (1970, February).  “Fracture Mechanics Guidelines for Aircraft Structural Applications”.  AFFDL-TR-69-111.

I. J. Zatz, H.L. Eidinoff and H. Armen, Jr. (1981).  “An Application of the Energy Release Rate Concept to Crack Growth in Attachment Lugs”.  AIAA Paper No. 81-0491.


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